What is regenerative medicine?

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What is regenerative medicine?

Regenerative medicine

Regenerative medicine, which has attracted attention in recent years, is a method of treating functions lost due to injury or disease by increasing a person's inherent ability to repair using processed cells, tissues, blood, etc. instead of conventional medicine.

Regenerative medicine is the most advanced medical treatment that harnesses the natural healing power that every human being possesses, namely the ability to regenerate. It is the most advanced medical treatment that harnesses the "regenerative power" that we all possess, such as the regeneration of skin that gradually crusts and naturally heals abrasions.

In the field of orthopedics, regenerative medicine has advanced treatment methods that use "somatic cells" such as tissue and blood, and methods that use "stem cells" before they are converted into somatic cells. As an example of the use of blood, somatic cell therapy concentrates the patient's own blood and converts it into platelets with high repair capabilities and injects it into the affected area to prevent joint pain and inflammation such as osteoarthritis. It suppresses and improves muscle and ligament damage that athletes are likely to experience. In stem cell therapy, attempts have begun to regenerate fractures and articular cartilage with mesenchymal stem cells.

The human body is made up of about 60 trillion cells. It takes about 40 weeks for an egg to be fertilized by a sperm and gradually divide to form nerves, muscles, bones, skin and other parts of the human body. It takes about 40 weeks for a cell to take on its human form and is constantly being replaced by new cells.

The smallest unit of a living being, not just a human, is a single cell, and a group of cells is an individual. We can say that a human being is also a fertilized egg, if we go back to the cell unit.

Medical treatment with stem cells

Like a fertilized egg, there are some cells in our body that have the ability to transform into different types of cells. These are called stem cells. Normally stem cells are dormant in the depths of the body, but when they find a damaged or malfunctioning cell, or when they find that the number of cells in the body is too low, they can wake up and repair the body's functions by dividing and renewing themselves.

Stem cells have the ability to differentiate (change) into different types of cells. Stem cells have the ability to differentiate into many different cell types, including organs such as the heart and liver, tissues such as skin, joints, bone, cartilage, and muscle.

Stem cells are used in regenerative medicine.

The human body has a natural ability to repair damaged or weakened body parts. Regenerative medicine using stem cells, the function of stem cells to repair these tens of millions of times to strengthen, work intensively on the damaged blood vessels and organs that have become dysfunctional, by restoring function, the body originally has a normal function again (regeneration) with the aim of medical treatment.

In other words, the power of your own "cells" to restore the body functions that you could not achieve by yourself, such as exercise, diet, rest, etc., this is the autologous adipose tissue stem cell therapy.

The most advanced medical technology - Autologous therapy with stem cells derived from adipose tissue

Autologous stem cell therapy from adipose tissue is a method in which stem cells are cultivated ex vivo, propagated to a certain degree and then returned to the patient's body. The effects and mechanisms of the therapy have been studied by a number of national and international medical research institutes. It is also very safe as it involves the patient's own stem cells and there are no side effects such as allergies or rejection. It is the most advanced medical technology available today. Stem cells can be found in bone marrow, cord blood, internal organs and fat.

PRP therapy as regenerative medicine

What is PRP therapy?

PRP therapy is a regenerative medicine that involves injecting "Platelet Rich Plasma (PRP)", which is derived from the patient's own blood, into the treatment site.

As the name implies, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy is a regenerative medicine that utilizes the functions of platelets. Platelets help stop bleeding by clotting when blood vessels are damaged. PRP therapy is thought to help repair damaged tissue and relieve symptoms because of the growth factors and other components released from platelets.

Platelets, which number between 100,000 and 400,000 per millimeter of blood, gather at the site of injury to stop bleeding when blood vessels are damaged and release large amounts of growth factors. These growth factors are responsible for starting the process of tissue repair.

Platelet derived growth factors (PDGF), which are normally scattered in our blood, are responsible for wound healing and growth. Medical science has identified several growth factors. These, individually and in combination, are responsible for the regenerative processes that occur automatically in our bodies when needed.

PRP is a separated and enriched concentrate of all these substances which, when reintroduced into the body, stimulates the regeneration and healing process in the area to be treated, e.g. cartilage damage, cartilage treatment, but also tendonitis. (PRP has the following essential characteristics: Platelet-derived Growth Factor (PDGF), Transforming Growth Factor (TGF), Platelet-derived Endothelial Growth Factor (PDEGF), Interleukin 1, Insulin-like Growth Factor (IGF), Osteocalcin and Osteonectin and many others). This is also why PRP is particularly effective in areas that are already naturally poorly perfused in adulthood, especially articular cartilage and tendons. In normal cases, where these are not directly supplied with blood, the growth factors supplied by the blood cannot do their job. But when they are artificially supplied, miracles happen, not really; it is the normal regeneration processes that the PRP own blood injected into the body triggers by activating growth factors, both in the treatment of cartilage damage, tendonitis and sports injuries.

Treatment procedure of the PRP treatment

1. Medical examination

- Interviews, tests (images of blood, urine, MRI, etc.), medical history, etc. Pre-treatment assessment of the treatment site is performed.

2. On the day of treatment

- Blood sampling for the prepared PRP

- PRP preparation and extraction

- PRP is injected into the treatment site

Advantages and disadvantages of PRP treatment

Advantages:

- It is very safe as it uses your own blood.

Side effects like infections or allergic reactions do not occur.

- You can take it as many times as you want.

- Applicable to most parts like joints, muscles, tendons and bones.

Disadvantages:

- There are individual differences in the therapeutic effect and duration of effect.

- It is a medical treatment at your own expense. Very few health insurances (mostly private) cover the costs.

- Subcutaneous bleeding may occur at the blood collection site/treatment site.

- During treatment, the injection into the affected area is painful and causes swelling, pain, and heat in the treated area for several days. Swelling can last up to a week, depending on the treatment site.

- Chronic pain, called complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS), may occur due to sympathetic neuropathy.

Exclusion criteria for PRP treatment

- Individuals who have been diagnosed or treated for cancer ・

- Persons with active inflammation

- Individuals who have received this treatment within one month of treatment

- Individuals with serious complications (examples below)

Heart disease

Lung disease

liver disease

kidney disease

Hemorrhagic tendency poorly controlled diabetes

diabetes, hypertension, etc.

- Persons with known drug hypersensitivity

- Others judged to be inappropriate by the attending physician

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